The nonradiative changeover costs Adhere to the formulation WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), wherever p is the amount of phonons matching the Strength hole. The nonradiative changeover charges of Er3+ show temperature dependence in line with the multiphonon rest principle. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative relaxation premiums is https://amirf578pie3.robhasawiki.com/user